Should You Use an Immigration Consultant

Immigration consultants provide immigration assistance. This can include services such as assistance with filing applications and petition, helping to gather required documentation or translation. An Immigration Consultant Is Not the Same as an Immigration Attorney There is no certification process in the United States to become an immigration consultant, which means there is no standard that U.S. consultants must adhere to. Immigration consultants may have little experience with the immigration system or be experts. They may have a high degree of education (which may or may not include some legal training) or very little education. However, an immigration consultant is not the same as an immigration attorney or accredited representative. The big difference between immigration consultants and immigration attorneys/accredited representatives is that consultants are not allowed to give legal assistance. For example, they may not tell you how you should answer immigration interview questions or what application or petition to apply for. They also cannot represent you in immigration court. Notarios Notarios in the U.S. falsely claim the qualifications to provide legal immigration assistance. Notario is the Spanish-language term for a notary in Latin America. Notary publics in the United States do not have the same legal qualifications as notarios in Latin America. Some states have established laws prohibiting notaries from advertising as a notario publico. Many states have laws regulating immigration consultants and all states prohibit immigration consultants or notarios from providing legal advice or legal representation. The American Bar Association provides a list of relevant laws by state. USCIS provides an overview of the services an immigration consultant, notary public or notario may or may not provide. What an Immigration Consultant CANNOT Do represent you before USCIS (only immigration attorneys and accredited representatives may represent you)give you legal advice on what immigration benefit you may apply forgive you advice on what to say in an immigration interviewclaim to be qualified in legal matters or in immigration and naturalization procedurecharge considerable fees - consultants may only charge nominal (inexpensive) fees as regulated by state law What an Immigration Consultant CAN Do help you by filling in the blanks on pre-printed USCIS forms with information that you providetranslate documents The Big Question So should you use an immigration consultant? The first question you should ask yourself is, do you really need one? If you need help filling in the forms or need a translation, then you should consider a consultant. If youre not sure if youre eligible for a particular visa (for example, perhaps you have a previous denial or criminal history that may affect your case) or need any other legal advice, an immigration consultant will not be able to help you. You will need the assistance of a qualified immigration attorney or accredited representative. While there have been many cases of immigration consultants providing services they are not qualified to offer, there are also many legitimate immigration consultants who provide valuable services; you just need to be a savvy consumer when shopping for an immigration consultant. Here are some things to remember from USCIS: If it sounds too good to be true or if someone claims to have a special relationship with USCIS, steer clear. No one can guarantee results or faster processing.Ask about qualifications. If they claim to be qualified to provide legal assistance, ask to see copies of their BIA accreditation letter or bar certificate.Get a written contract in English and if applicable, in your own language as well.Avoid paying cash and get a receipt.Never sign a blank form or application. Make sure you understand what you are signing. Defrauded? If you want to file a complaint against a notario or immigration consultant, the American Immigration Lawyers Association provides a state-by-state guide on how and where to file complaints.

Emily Dickinsons My Life Had Stood a Loaded Gun Essay

The primary literary strategy in Emily Dickinson’s â€Å"My Life Had Stood – a Loaded Gun†, is a metaphor of a gun and its master which is used to represent a wife and her husband. This metaphor is used to illustrate an unbalanced relationship where the wife is objectified and lacks agency. The wife reduced to an object which is at the disposal of her hunter/master/husband. The gun narrates the poem and it takes pleasure in expressing its power to kill. The poem presents the challenge of identifying who the speaker is and who the gun metaphorically represents (Forman). To help solve this riddle, Angela Estes asks, â€Å"For whom in the nineteenth century would pleasure and power be problematic should they be expressed?†. A female speaker is the†¦show more content†¦The poem describes the hunter/husband and gun/wife lives together as they roam the woods and hunt doe. The gun/wife propels her husband to loftier heights with her power (Palmerino). In contrast to her life prior life in the corners where she sat unnoticed, when the gun/wife now speaks â€Å"The Mountains straight reply -†. In other words, when the gun is fired there is a echo. Now she can be heard and her power can be felt. She has an effect on her surroundings. This can allude to how as a married women, the wife now has a higher social status and is more likely to be taken seriously and listened to. In the fifth section, the gun comes to the peak of her power and sounds like she has autonomous agency, or as Vendler describes it, the gun takes a â€Å"grammatically independent action† (319). The speaker says that â€Å"I lay a Yellow Eye† as if she is doing something on her own. However, guns cannot kill people; they cannot pull their own trigger. In this gun/master metaphor, the wife/gun is an object entirely reliant on other people to give direction and purpose in her existence. Therefore, the action is only seemingly independent and is perhaps a sign a wishful thinking on the gun/wifes part to not view herself as dependent. When the wife/gun does seem to realize how dependent she is, she becomes almost frantic. She says the hunter/husband must live long than her because â€Å"I have the power to kill, / WithoutShow MoreRelatedEmotion in Emily Dickinsons â€Å"My Life had stood – a Loaded Gun†1109 Words   |  5 P agesThis poem was written by American poet, Emily Dickinson, who was born in the 1800. This was the period where art was based on emotion; the â€Å"Romantic Period†. She was also born in the Victorian Era, where women had to be shackled to their pedestals and most had to be married by age eighteen. They were not allowed to vote, or earn money. This information should help the reader better understand the poem. When writing the poem â€Å"My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun† Dickinson thought of what format to useRead More`` It Was Not Death, For I Stood Up, By Emily Dickinson1728 Words   |  7 Pagesa specific focus on Emily Dickinson’s link of mental illness to reclusiveness within her works titled â€Å"It was not Death, for I stood up,† â€Å"After great pain, a Formal feeling comes,† â€Å"I dwell in Possibility,† â€Å"My Life had stood—a Loaded Gun,† and â€Å"Tell all the Truth but tell it slant†.† Emily Dickinson is one of the most influential female poets of the 19th century. Born in Amherst, Massachusetts in 1830, Dickinson began her life as a normal child. Growing up, Dickinson had more opportunities thanRead MoreMy Life Had Stood a Loaded Gun by Emily Dickinson Essay804 Words   |  4 PagesMy Life Had Stood a Loaded Gun by Emily Dickinson Today, few would deny that Emily Dickinson is an important figure in American literature. The numerous ways to interpret her poetry draws more and more readers into her publications. Its as if everyone could interpret Dickinsons poems into his or her personal life; seeing the poems the way they want to see it. This is the effect flexible poems have on people. In Dickinsons My Life Had Stood#8212;A Loaded Gun, I interpreted theRead MoreEmily Dickinsons Capitalization and Punctuation1251 Words   |  6 PagesThe poetry of Emily Dickinson is one of the most recognizable of the 19th century. Dickinson’s poetry stands out because of its unconventional use of capitalization and punctuation. Her poems contain capitalized words which are not normally capitalized. Her poems are noted for the frequent use of the dash. Literary scholars have attempted to interpret Dickinson’s unconventional capitalization and punctuation. Some believe that it was merely part of Dickinson’s penmanship (Weisbuch 73). They thereforeRead MoreFight For Agency By Emily Dickinson985 Words   |  4 PagesFight for Agency Emily Dickinson’s poems predominantly portray the confinements placed on married women and illustrate the doubts that come along their role as a â€Å"wife†. In many of her poems, the speakers present a strong opinion about the lack of independence and autonomy women receive when they get married. Given the fact that Dickinson was born in the 1830’s, women in that era were consecutively facing massive oppression and were treated lesser than men. Consequentially, the societal norms greatlyRead MoreFemale Oppression By Emily Dickinson And Charlotte Perkins Gilman1729 Words   |  7 Pagesof male oppression. Especially towards the end of the 19th century, before the first wave of feminism, women were faced with an unshakeable social prison. Husband, home and children were the only life they knew, many encouraged not to work. That being said, many female writers at the time, including Emily Dickinson and Charlotte Perkins Gilman, were determined to examine the mind behind the American woman, through the lens of mental illness and personal experience. This essay will compare the workRead MoreBibliography Relation to Analysis of Emily Dickinson ´s Writings2048 Words   |  8 Pages Anderson, Paul W. The Metaphysical Mirth of Emily Dickinson. Georgia Review 20.1 Spring 1966): 72-83. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Jessica Bomarito and Russel Whitaker. Vol. 171. Detroit: Gale, 2006. Literature Resource Center. Web. 14 Feb. 2014. Anderson accomplishes the discernment of Dickinson’s poems and their allusions to many classic myths. He denotes the figurative language that Dickinson utilizes in her poetry to relate to her themes. With these key elements inRead MoreEssay on A poem and a loaded gun1111 Words   |  5 Pages A Poem and a Loaded Gun The post civil war era was wrought with sexism and backwards thinking. Emily Dickinson was born in 1830, wrote 1800 poems in her lifetime. She has become known for unfolding the social boundaries surrounding women in this time period. Most of her life was shrouded in seclusion and mystery. In the realm of poetry, authors are creative with their usage of literary techniques in order to illustrate their point of view to the reader. Emily Dickinson is especially known for herRead More The Life Of Emily Dickinson Essay799 Words   |  4 Pages The Life of Emily Dickinson nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Although she lived a seemingly secluded life, Emily Dickinsons many encounters with death influenced many of her poems and letters. Perhaps one of the most ground breaking and inventive poets in American history, Dickinson has become as well known for her bizarre and eccentric life as for her incredible poems and letters. Numbering over 1,700, her poems highlight the many moments in a 19th century New Englander womans life, includingRead MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem My Life Had Stood- A Loaded Gun 993 Words   |  4 PagesEmily Dickinson is a very famous and accomplished poet with over 1700 published poems. Several of her poems are similar in theme, and also similar in bringing out human emotions that we humans usually try to avoid. The common theme in most of Dickinson s poems is the wonders of nature, and the identity of self, as well as death and life. The five poems with the common theme of death are: â€Å"My Life had Stood- A Loaded Gun†, â€Å"I Heard A Fly Buzz- When I Died†, â€Å"Behind Me Dips- Eternity†, â€Å"Because I

A Brothers Love free essay sample

When you compare Louis Erdrichs story The Red Convertible and James Baldwins story Sonnys Blues, they seem like completely different stories. The Red Convertible is about two brothers, Lyman and Henry, who grow up on a Native American reservation in North Dakota. The two brothers share a strong bond that is personified through their love for a certain red car that they share. They go through an amazing Journey and discover a lot about each other. On the other hand, Sonnys Blues is also about two brothers, however their Journey goes a completely different oute than Lyman and Henrys. In Sonnys Blues, the narrator and his little brother, Sonny, start out as distant and forgotten family members. Through Sonnys love for music, and his older brothers gradual acceptance, the two grow a stronger bond than ever before. Although the two are indeed about different topics, there are some parallels to recognize as well. The Red Convertible and Sonnys Blues are alike for many reasons, but the most prominent similarity is the theme of brotherhood. For instance, in Sonnys Blues, the dynamic between the two brothers changes from eing completely distant to finally understanding each other, despite their differences. The growth of a relationship is an important factor in true brotherhood. An example of the two brothers taking a step in the right direction is when they meet after Sonny is let out of prison. It has been a while since they have spoken last, and the older brother narrates, miet, when he smiled, when we shook hands, the baby brother Id never known looked out from the depths of his private life, like an animal waiting to be coaxed into the light. (Baldwin, 312) The other brother is realizing that e has never really known his baby brother because his true self was always buried beneath the mask of his drug addiction. We can see here that the other brother is seeing that Sonny is trying to let himself into the light, or trying to finally get himself to a better place in life. The turning point in the story where Sonnys love for music gets truly understood by his brother, is at the end of the story when he is playing his gig. The older brother states, For, while the tale of how we suffer, and how we are delighted, and how we may triumph is never new, it always must be heard. There isnt any other tale to tell, its the only light weve got in all this darkness. (Baldwin, 324) This statement by Sonnys older brother shows that he has finally opened up his heart to accept that his little brother is getting better and expressing himself through music. Like in Sonnys Blues, Henry and Lyman go through a similar Journey in The Red Convertible, where they discover their own Journey through brotherhood. Unlike Sonnys progression of his relationship with his brother, Henry and Lymans relationship starts out ver y strong but dies out in the end. Although the two stories have different outcomes, the core theme of brotherhood is the same. In The Red Convertible, Henry and Lyman are best friends, and spend every moment hanging out with each other. They are inseparable, until Henrys decision to Join the army for three years tears them apart. When Henry returns, Lyman is concerned as he remembers the times wed sat still for the whole afternoon, Henry always had a Joke, then, too, and now you couldnt get him to laugh (Erdrich, 74). Lyman is realizing that his brother nas changed and is disassociated wit n his tormer selt. Lyman is pain stricken because the strength of their brotherhood was slipping through his fingers. Overall, both stories express the motivation and strength that a brotherhood can give. Despite their similarities in overall theme, the two stories are different regarding the symbols that connect the brothers. In Sonnys Blues, the factor that allowed Sonny and his brother to break the barrier between them was his music. Living in Harlem, there isnt many ways to express yourself or let yourself be heard, so music was an escape. Through Sonnys infatuation with music, his brother was able o see beyond his drug addiction and begin to start the re-birth of their relationship. At the end of the story, Sonnys brother was watching him play, But Just before they started playing again, Sonny sipped from it and looked toward me, and nodded (Baldwin, 326). At this point, it is as if Sonnys brother accepted him through the music and finally feels that connection that only brothers can share. Music is a central symbol in Sonnys Blues and creates a stepping stone for the two brothers relationship to grow. On the other hand, we have The Red Convertible, which has a uch different object that directs the story. In The Red Convertible, Henry and Lymans relationship is driven by their love for their red car they had bought together. The red flashy car resembles the boys resilient and carefree view on life, and the strength of the bond they shared in the beginning of the story. However, after Henry returns from Vietnam, he is a changed man and according to Lyman, The change was no good. (Erdrich, 72) Lyman hopes that the car might bring the old Henry back somehow (Erdrich, 75), but is let down when Henry shows no interest in he car. Ironically, Henry ends up destroying the car which, symbolically, destroys the relationship between the two brothers as well. Like the music in Sonnys Blues, the red car in The Red Convertible was a symbol for the change in the brothers relationship. The relationship between two brothers can be transitive, whether it starts distant and grow close like in Sonnys Blues, or the other way around as we saw in The Red Convertible. While each story may have different symbols and storylines, we still see the theme of both the true nature of brotherhood.

Hospitality History Politics And Culture †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Hospitality History Politics And Culture? Answer: Introducation It is a complex task to define hospitality, since various authors have suggested that it is a social as well as commercial activity. As per the view of Brotherton (2013), hospitality could be adjudged as contemporaneous trading amongst individuals, which is entered voluntarily along with developing to improve the mutual welfare of the parties associated with the provision of food, drink and accommodation. On the other hand, Coulson et al. (2014) are of the view that hospitality is an overlap of three spatial domains, which include social, private and commercial domains. The following essay would shed light on arguments suggesting that both common themes and values are inherent in hospitality in the home and commercial hospitality. It is simply not an annex; instead, it is viewed as its self-domain. Discussion of whether commercial hospitality is just an extension of hospitality in the home: From the commercial perspective, hospitality could be explained as a formal and fair system associated with monetary swap, in which it is given in specific forms of institutions like inns and restaurants. However, these are considered as impersonal from the fundamental point of view. Thus, commercial hospitality varies from hospitality in the home, as it is an impersonal financial exchange, instead of providing personal food, accommodation and drink to the hosts. In the words of Duncan, Scott and Baum (2013), commercial activity has originated in 2000 AD through the Mesopotamian research, in which the then prevailing laws used to control the inns and the hotels. Commercial activity depicting the current hospitality scenario like big hotels, beverage and food outlets have been invented in areas like Pompeii. Accounting to the literature, by 400 BC the commercial hospitality was crucial and mandatory to bring the tourists and traders in the areas as a major source of revenue (Van Dijck 2013). In investigating commercial hospitality, it is inherent that the industry has been distinct and separate from domestic hospitality. The availability of commercial hospitality is for those individuals having no association with private hospitality or inadequately privileged in receiving the state hospitality. Consequently, Gibson (2016) stated that the ignobility of commercial hospitality is greater compared to the other kinds of hospitality. However, after the review of the history and evolution of commercial hospitality, greater amounts of judgemental literature have been found, which are not uncommon. The most significant point to mention from the above-stated literature is that commercial hospitality has not emerged in an unexpected fashion. The existence of this sector has been for nearly 4,000 years and the practice has been made across the industry, which could be segregated from domestic hospitality. With the change in nature and motives of hospitality, there has been a requirement for a breadth in definition. Social hospitality could be viewed as social setting, where the acts of hospitality and hospitableness occur collectively with the social force effects on the manufacture of drink, food and accommodation. Social hospitality develops social ties between hosts and guests in relation to social ceremonies like christenings and weddings; thus, creating a feeling of togetherness. As commented by Lashley and Morrison (2013), private domain includes the nurturing motives of those serving cook, beverages, entertainment, beds along with forming an effective environment. In this sphere, the friendly act is offered through providing food, accommodation and beverage. Friendly act offers a symbolic bond between those engaged to share hospitality for returning the favour along with hosting another occasion. Hence, within this domain of hospitality, the host plays a crucial role, which is obtained in turn without worrying for financial repayment. The values like kinship, hospitableness and social caring duty have evolved from hospitality in the home and these are found within the aspects of commercial and social hospitality. However, domestic hospitality helps in shaping the expectation of commercial and social hospitality activities, which signifies that there is a link between the three domains of hospitality. Even though there is association between domestic hospitality and commercial hospitality, there is a major difference between the hospitality concept and commercial hospitality industry. This is because of the money involved and the guest-host association. In this context, Lovell (2015) cited that commercial hospitality is needed to have a particular type of association between guests and hosts where the hosts would obtain an insight of the ways to satisfy the guests along with raising their comfort level by possessing the capability in delivering seamless services. Thus, domestic hospitality depends on the reciprocity of friendship, while commercial hospitality depends on monetary exchange. Hence, a diverse kind of guest-host relationship takes place within commercial hospitality, since the customers need to incur money for the facilities available to them. In return, the host has the responsibility of delivering effective services for meeting the expectations and desires of the gue sts. Hospitableness is an emotional and sincere kind of involvement, as it concentrates on the motivation and role of the host. From the historical perspective, commercial hospitality has been viewed as a mundane type of hospitality, in which food and drink has been provided with zero or minimal interaction between customers and staffs. Therefore, it has been recommended that commercial provision might not incorporate real hospitableness. For instance, the Sebel Hotel in Surry Hills, Sydney offers a birthday cake and surprise for the guests on their special occasions. In this case, the staffs could deliver the cake personally with surprise along with singing happy birthday song for the guests and their acquaintances. In addition, they could be provided with an additional room upgrade and a champagne bottle. The inclusion of the cake depicting the domestic domain and the birthday celebration depicting the social domain has enabled for social and sincere involvement with the guests, which results in creation of hospitability. In return, the guests would appreciate this gesture, as they are probably to return along with spreading positive word of mouth Home, on the other hand, is a place of residence, refuge and safety, which might be linked to a geographical area or no physical location (Lynch 2017). Home is viewed as a setting and it could be viewed as a hospitality setting. There is increasing flexibility between the home spaces because of technological innovation and the increasingly common merger of leisure and work. A commercial home in the context of tourism and leisure takes into account a group of owner-occupied small-sized businesses like guesthouses providing food, drink and accommodation, comfort and safety along with bed and breakfasts (Molz 2014). The commercial homes intend to target different groups of consumers desiring for a high specialised experience and want to be welcome as guests, instead of customers. Under this situation, commercial homes could be argued as an extension of hospitality in the home, even though the basis of this host-guest association is developed on monetary exchange and not on friendly terms. Hence, a commercial home is just a combination of private and commercial domains minutely. On the other hand, host denotes equalisation of a stranger to another host, allowing the same to stay protected along with providing guidance to the next destination (Osman, Johns and Lugosi 2014). The establishments of commercial hospitality like hotels intend to develop a home away from home for the guests along with accomplishing this by developing a positive hots-guest association by enabling them to feel protected and safe. In the current era, the hotels have emerged as functional places offering expected facilities like those one would find their houses. Furthermore, the individuals are converting their own houses into replica hotel suites; thus, bringing the fantasising aspect into their house lives. In the words of Ryan (2015), popular hotels like Hilton have included extended up-stay residential suites to their range. For instance, it has formed Hilton Home 2 Suites for the long stay guests especially a house away from house. These suites are targeted mainly for the business travellers that prefer to stay above 10 nights in a hotel (Teng and Chang 2013). The visitors or guests are offered a suite having an attached kitchen, magazines and books tailored to them and complimentary breakfast at a reasonable price. It has been inherent that the individuals strive for domestic hospitality and in response; the commercial hospitality firms like Hilton have started to blend aspects of the private domain into the commercial activities. In order to conclude, the insight of hospitality activities could be segregated into three different domains that include social, commercial and private or domestic domains. All these domains are different individually, as they hold identical values of hospitality like kinship, hospitableness and duty of care. The past commercial hospitality was seen as impersonal financial exchange. However, the concept of commercial hospitality has changed with the4 passage of time and the ways through which the integration of the three major domains has enhanced the activity of commercial hospitality. The fundamental distinction between hospitality in the home and commercial hospitality is due to the host-guest association. Within this domestic domain, an association depends on friendship, while a commercial association depends on monetary exchange. Hence, this depicts that commercial hospitality is distinguishable and it could be found in its own domain. It is not an extension of hospitality in t he home.; References: Brotherton, B., 2013. Hospitality and hospitality.Search of Hospitality. Coulson, A.B., MacLaren, A.C., McKenzie, S. and O'Gorman, K.D., 2014. Hospitality codes and social exchange theory: The Pashtunwali and tourism in Afghanistan.Tourism Management,45, pp.134-141. Duncan, T., Scott, D.G. and Baum, T., 2013. The mobilities of hospitality work: An exploration of issues and debates.Annals of Tourism Research,41, pp.1-19. Gibson, S., 2016.Mobilizing hospitality: The ethics of social relations in a mobile world. Routledge. Lashley, C. and Morrison, A., 2013.In search of hospitality. Routledge. Lovell, J., 2015. THE USES OF FOREIGNERS IN MAO-ERA CHINA:TECHNIQUES OF HOSPITALITYAND INTERNATIONAL IMAGE-BUILDING IN THE PEOPLES REPUBLIC, 19491976.Transactions of the Royal Historical Society,25, pp.135-158. Lynch, P., 2017. Mundane welcome: Hospitality as life politics.Annals of Tourism Research,64, pp.174-184. Molz, J.G., 2014. Toward a network hospitality.First Monday,19(3). Osman, H., Johns, N. and Lugosi, P., 2014. Commercial hospitality in destination experiences: McDonald's and tourists' consumption of space.Tourism Management,42, pp.238-247. Ryan, C., 2015. Trends in hospitality management research: a personal reflection.International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,27(3), pp.340-361. Teng, C.C. and Chang, J.H., 2013. Mechanism of customer value in restaurant consumption: Employee hospitality and entertainment cues as boundary conditions.International Journal of Hospitality Management,32, pp.169-178. Van Dijck, J., 2013.The culture of connectivity: A critical history of social media. Oxford University Press.

Audrey Hepburn A Biography Essay Example

Audrey Hepburn: A Biography Paper â€Å"Nothing is impossible – the world itself says ‘I’m possible’! † This quote by Audrey Hepburn is very inspirational, and I think it shows how much spirit she had in her. Audrey Hepburn was more than just an actress; in many ways, she made a difference in the world. She is an example of someone who endured a lot during her childhood, and ended up becoming a star. Hepburn starred in many different films, impressing her audiences with her portrayals of the roles she was given, and her talent in acting. Later in her life, she showed her compassion for children in need, and contributed greatly to UNICEF. There is no doubt about it that Audrey Hepburn was a fashion icon and an actress who led a full life, spending part of it starring in films, and part of it working for UNICEF and traveling the world. Audrey Hepburn was born on May 4, 1929 in Brussels, Belgium. Her childhood was tough, but living through hard times made her feel empathy towards children in need later on in her life. For part of her childhood, she went to school in England, and afterwards she studied in the Netherlands. She grew up during World War II. Hepburn’s father, in fact, was said to have been a Nazi sympathizer, which was one of the reasons her parents divorced when she was only six years old. As a child, she had trouble breathing and suffered from anemia and malnutrition. These health problems made her fragile, as well as the fact that she was naturally very thin. After reading Anne Frank’s diary, Audrey Hepburn felt that what Anne Frank went through during the war was similar to her own experience. But World War II finally ended, and when it was over she acted for the first time ever in â€Å"High Button Shoes† and â€Å"Sauce Tartare† as a chorus girl out of an interest in dance. We will write a custom essay sample on Audrey Hepburn: A Biography specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Audrey Hepburn: A Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Audrey Hepburn: A Biography specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Audrey Hepburn led a great career in acting. She starred in her first film â€Å"Gigi† when she was 22. In 1953, at age 24, she acted as Princess Ann in â€Å"Roman Holiday† with Gregory Peck, impressing everyone with her performance. After Hepburn’s screen test, William Wyler, the director, said, â€Å"She had everything I was looking for: charm, innocence, and talent. She was also very funny. She was absolutely enchanting and we said, ‘That’s the girl! ’† I think that this says something about how charming Audrey Hepburn’s personality was. Four years after â€Å"Roman Holiday,† Hepburn showed her dancing talent in â€Å"Funny Face. She starred alongside Fred Astaire in this film, who, as well as Gregory Peck, was one of the most famous male actors at the time. But the role she felt was the hardest for her to pull off in her whole career was starring as Holly Golightly, a girl living in New York who acts carefree but is really very troubled, in â€Å"Breakfast at Tiffany’s. † The author of the book that the movie was based off of was actually disappointed with Audrey Hepburn being chosen to play the lead role, which he had envisioned for Marilyn Monroe. â€Å"Complicated† is the word that best describes Audrey Hepburn’s love life. After starring in â€Å"Ondine† with Mel Ferrer, they fell in love and married on September 25, 1954, and had a son together named Sean Hepburn Ferrer. They divorced in 1968, however, because Ferrer was too controlling and had a bad temper. Years later, Hepburn met Andrea Dotti, a psychiatrist, on a cruise ship and they married in the February of 1970. One year following their wedding, they had a son, Luca Dotti. But their marriage fell apart thirteen years later, owing to both Hepburn and Dotti having relationships with other people. Finally, Audrey Hepburn ended up meeting a Dutchman, Robert Wolders, who she spent the rest of her life with. She herself said, â€Å"Took me long enough. † Perhaps one of Audrey Hepburn’s most defining qualities was that she was a great fashion icon, although she did say, â€Å"I never think of myself as an icon. What is in other people’s minds is not in my mind. I just do my thing. † This quote tells you that Hepburn was her own person, and she didn’t let what other people thought affect her! She was very good friends with the man who created many of her unforgettable outfits, Hubert de Givenchy. The dress he designed for her in â€Å"Breakfast at Tiffany’s† was sold for about 920,000 dollars, and the money was donated to help children in India. This is one of the actions that show how much of a philanthropist Hepburn was. The head of the charity was incredibly touched by this, and he said, â€Å"There are tears in my eyes. I am absolutely dumbfounded to believe that a piece of cloth which belonged to such a magical actress will now enable me to buy bricks and cement to put the most destitute in the world into schools. † The money made from a lot of Hepburn’s dresses was donated to organizations like those. Audrey Hepburn was a philanthropist. She started working with UNICEF (United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund) in 1967, and from that point on, she only acted once in a while. Hepburn traveled around the world, visiting Asia, Africa, Central America, and South America, raising awareness about all the children who are starving and homeless. She expressed what she felt about working with UNICEF by saying, â€Å"As you grow older, you will discover you have two hands, one for helping yourself, the other for helping others. Audrey Hepburn knew what is was like to be hungry all the time from her days living through World War II, which is partly why she had so much compassion for the starving children in the world. â€Å"I saw tiny mountain communities, slums, and shanty towns receive water systems for the first time by some miracle – and that miracle is UNICEF. † – Hepburn told how UNICEF has been able to make a change. Later on in her life, Hepburn still acted, but not as often. In 1959, she showed her acting talent in â€Å"The Nun’s Story,† as she portrayed a nun who underwent a lot of struggles in her life. From the 1960s to the 1980s, she starred in two thrillers, one with Cary Grant in â€Å"Charade,† and Ben Gazzara in â€Å"Bloodline. † â€Å"Wait Until Dark† was a film in which she played the role of a blind woman, and it became her fifth Academy Award nomination. The last few films Hepburn starred in were â€Å"My Fair Lady,† â€Å"Robin and Marian,† and â€Å"They All Laughed. † Her last role was in â€Å"Always,† by Steven Spielberg. Audrey Hepburn led a full life. In 1993, she won an Academy Award for her heartfelt work with UNICEF, but died in the January of that same year before it was given to her. Hepburn died of colon cancer in Tolochenaz, Switzerland. The cancer proved to have spread too much to be treated, and she passed away when she was 63 years old. Her whole family was with her when she died, and four days later her funeral was held in a church in Tolochenaz. She was buried in the Tolochenaz cemetery on that same day. The legacy left by Audrey Hepburn will never be forgotten. One of the things is known for is being a fashion icon. Hubert de Givenchy designed quite a few of her outfits for movies like â€Å"Breakfast at Tiffany’s† and â€Å"Paris When it Sizzles,† and, interestingly, she felt that she had a lot in common with him. Audrey Hepburn said, â€Å"Givenchy gave me a look, a kind, a silhouette. He has always been the best and he stayed the best. Because he kept the spare style that I love. † Apart from making a fashion statement, Hepburn won many awards for her talent in acting and starred in countless successful films. Her work for UNICEF also continues to make a difference. The Audrey Hepburn Children’s Fund was created by her family after she died, and Hepburn’s image has been used for advertising many things, from UNICEF campaigns to commercials for tea.

German Influence in Mexican Music

German Influence in Mexican Music Could an instrumental German polka band piece, or what seems to be one, may in fact not be a German song at all but a Mexican one? Wait for the words...Yes it could! The music you hear is a Mexican polka style of music known as norteà ±o. Mexican Music Style Influenced by Germans Music from the northern part of Mexico, norteà ±o, meaning  northern, or  mà ºsica norteà ±a, northern music, was influenced by German settlers in Texas around 1830. It is no coincidence that some types of Mexican music have the German polka oom-pah-pah influence. Migration Phenomenon There was a large migration of Germans to southern Texas from the 1830s to the 1840s. According to the Texas State Historical Association, the largest ethnic group in Texas born in Europe or whose parents came from Europe hailed from Germany. By 1850, Germans made up more than 5 percent of the entire population of Texas. This part of Texas  became known as the German Belt. At that time, as it is now, the Rà ­o Grande marked a political and geographical divide more than a cultural one. The musical style and even the instruments of the German immigrants were adopted and became popular among those of Mexican heritage. One of the most influential musical instruments of the Germans musical style, the accordion, became especially popular and was frequently used in dance music such as waltzes and polkas. Modernization of Norteà ±o The popularity of norteà ±o  among Mexican-Americans spread in the 1950s and overlapped with popular American styles of rock and roll and swing. This overlapping of musical styles became known as tejano, literally the Spanish word for Texan, or more appropriately, Tex-Mex, a blending of the two cultures. A conjunto norteà ±o, or norteà ±o  ensemble, features the accordion along with the bajo sexto, which is a Mexican instrument similar to a 12-string guitar. Over time, norteà ±o  mixed with other music styles to form unique Mexican music styles, including  quebradita, which is a style that is heavy on the horns, banda, a  style  similar to the polka, and  ranchera, a traditional Mexican music genre. Influence on Mariachi  and Mainstream Music The norteà ±o  musical style influenced music from other regions of Mexico, such as what is probably the most widely-recognizable form of Mexican music, the mariachi music from the Guadalajara region. Norteà ±o or  tejano-style music is nearly always performed in Spanish, even by Mexican-Americans who speak primarily English. For example, native Texan and Spanish-English crossover artist Selena sang in Spanish before she could properly speak Spanish. For Selena, later known as the Queen of Tejano Music, the competition was less fierce in the Mexican music market compared to the American music market. She rode  the Mexican music market to fame and ranks as one of the most influential Latin musicians of all time. The norteà ±o or  tejano-style genre in the United States is often erroneously viewed as synonymous with Hispanic music, but it is just a type of Spanish-language music and represents only one genre of Mexican music. Mexican music is incredibly diverse and Spanish-language music is even more diverse, spanning many continents and representing different nationalities around the world.

Project Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Project Leadership - Essay Example and implementation of the new training management system, as well as monitor company-wide training attendance and identify people who are â€Å"out of compliance.† Besides, I also predict the resistance that I may face from departments, such as manufacturing, who will be required to use tools they have never used or refused to use before. I am confident on my abilities that I will be able to overcome their resistance through a systematic approach. I know that the resistance is basically because as of now they were exposed to instructor-led training, and they often have shunned implementation of any web-based system. They also have a fear that their responsibilities as Department managers’ will increase. They will be required to learn how to use the system to assign courses to their direct reports and monitor the timely completion of the courses. Though my responsibilities during the initial stages will be challenging I am confident on my abilities and my strengths to overcome these situation. With my current experience as a Manager of the Information Technology department and also my previous experiences I am sure to rise up to your expectations. As a manager the following will be my roles. I will be solely responsible for this project and its successful completion. I will be working in close association with my associates and ensure that adequate resources are applied. I will also have the responsibility to utilize the resources in a most efficient manner and complete the project successfully on time. I will also take this opportunity to plan and tailor methodology to reflect the project needs. Besides I will also be responsible for regular reviews of project status, set standards for training, monitor progress, and also maintain records up-to-date. The most important qualities required by a manager are interpersonal skills, organizational skills, good communication, efficient problem solving skills and professional training. I am confident that with my

Trends Impact project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Trends Impact project - Research Paper Example UK office of Fair Trading and the Israel Antitrust Authority are also took interest on investigation because they also belief the same. Facebook was also planning to buy Waze at a price of $ 1biilion which would have made them more popular than Google. Waze was founded in 2007; it makes mobile applications which helps finding routes and direction. It got 47 million users in among 193 countries. The CEO of Waze said before the acquisition that Waze is the only real competitor of Google in mobile market. (Musil 1) Trend 2: Major News Source 1: â€Å"Now, Google Maps will notify drivers about more traffic jams as well. Google announced Tuesday  that its mobile maps will now include real-time updates about accidents, construction and other potential sources of traffic snarls. The information will come from the 50 million users of Waze, the social-mapping app that Google bought in June for $1.1 billion. Google Maps already had some real-time traffic data from third-party providers and by pinpointing Android users' GPS signals to estimate congestion on highways. But now that data will be bolstered by reports from actual drivers on the roads. Israeli startup Waze has built a vast network of motorists who crowd source such data as commuter routes and road closures to help each other outsmart traffic jams in more than a dozen countries. Frequent users can even earn badges and real-world prizes. Waze won an award for Best Overall Mobile App award at the 2013 Mobile World Congress. Apple and Face book were reportedly interested in buying the company  before Google snapped it up. Starting Tuesday, Waze users' reports on road conditions will appear on the Google Maps app for Android and iOS in the United States as well as Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, France, Germany, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Switzerland and the UK. Users of Waze apps will now benefit from Google services  as well. The Android and iOS versions of Waze have been updated with Google Search to help users find local businesses and landmarks. And Waze's crowd sourced Map Editor now includes Google Street View and satellite imagery.† (http://edition.cnn.com/2013/08/20/tech/mobile/google-waze-mobile-maps/) Major News Source 2: â€Å"Google’s motto is â€Å"don’t be evil.† But its recent acquisition of Waze, reportedly for $1 billion in cash, shows that just because you’re not evil, it doesn’t mean you can’t be aggressive in pushing the boundaries of the law,  Steven M. Davidoff writes  in a Deal Professor Column in The New York Times. The question now is whether the United States government will push back and force Google to give back its new toy. Waze is yet another one of those blockbuster deals for a technology company with little or no revenue that makes you jealous. Five-year-old Waze has just 110 employees, so Google appears to be paying almost $10 million per employee. As for profits, Waze’s chief executive , Noam Bardin, has said, â€Å"This is Silicon Valley. We don’t talk about those things here.† Right. Google is paying top dollar for Waze because it is at the intersection of two hot fields: map search and social media. Users download Waze’s app to their phone and then supply information about locations, routes and traffic, making the maps more intelligent. And Waze has the usual phenomenal growth in users, with 50 million worldwide. This is a field where there is believed to be oodles of money to be made in related advertising.†

Answer 3 history questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Answer 3 history questions - Essay Example However, Lincoln’s tolerance in the matter was criticized by the Radical republicans who were of the absence of any Black civil rights in the Presidential Plan. After all the Blacks were emancipated after the Civil War, the Radicals were now demanding greater rights for them as equal Americans. Abraham Lincoln was the assassinated in 1865 after which President Andrew Johnson passed legislatures in the Southern states which limited the rights of Blacks to a set of codes. Hence, the period under the administration of President Johnson saw laws restricting Black rights and supporting the domination of the Whites (Public Broadcasting Service a, n.pag.). Along with support from President Johnson and his restrictive Black codes, the Southerners tried to maintain slavery in essence. Anger erupted in the North against the unfair black codes having a detrimental effect on the support for the Presidential Reconstruction. Support for the Radical wing of the Republicans increased and in t he next congressional election of 1866, the Radical republicans won. A massive majority of seats won by them allowed them to influence the Reconstruction in the Congress. Furthermore, it could supersede any refusals of permissions made by Johnson. In the Reconstruction Act passed in 1867, five Southern Confederate states were divided into military districts and gave a framework of how the government would be organized. Southern states were also prescribed to authorize the Fourteenth Amendment so as to allow equal rights and protection for the Black slaves before they were readmitted to the Union. Following the Reconstruction Act the Blacks acquired a say in the government regulations which was a remarkable step in the history of the American politics. Years later, however, counterrevolutionary players including the Ku Klux Klan would cause reversal of the legislations brought about by the Radical Republicans thereby spurring up hostility and white supremacy in the Southern States (P ublic Broadcasting Service a, n.pag.). The 1925 film The Birth of a Nation illustrated the same era of the Southern states after the American Civil War. The film distorted the reality of the Reconstruction period by showing the Blacks as dominating the Whites in the South thereby providing glorification of the Ku Klux Klan (Public Broadcasting Service b, n.pag.). 2. John Gast’s painting Manifest Destiny, also known as the American Progress, is a vivid presentation of the American West in the 19th century. The painting demonstrates the advancements in technology as the conventional travois used by Native Americans is followed by a wagon and then a pony express. Railroads can also be seen where the trains are travelling over the rails. With the construction of railroads after the American Civil War, the West was opened up for settlers across America as well as other continents. When seen sequentially, the painting demonstrates the American Progress as it is with the Native Amer icans coming in their travois before the European and American explorers came in their carriages and expresses. Then after them came the farmers and other settlers from other parts of the country via railroads in trains. White settlers arrived from the East crossing the Mississippi while the African American settlers came from the

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System

Central Nervous System and Peripheral Nervous System Explain the different structures and functions of the two main types of cells in the nervous system. Neurons are the nerve cells; they contain a cell body, an axon, and dendrites. The cell body is the part that contains the nucleus and cytoplasm. The axon is a piece that extends from the cell body; its job is to send impulses away from the cell body. Most are covered with myelin sheath. This sheath helps protect the axon and speeds the impulse. The dendrites branch off from the cell body also, their job is to send impulses to the cell body. Neuralgia is a connective tissue that supports the neurons. Their job is to protect the nervous system. Astrocytes look like star-shaped cells; they are the biggest of the neuroglial cells in the central nervous system. Astrocytes surround the brains blood capillaries to form blood-brain barriers which protect the brain from harmful substances. Microglia are smaller cells that eat cellular debris, waste, and pathogens in nerve tissue. Oligodendrocytes are in the interstitial nervous system, smaller than astrocytes. They wrap around axons to form myelin sheaths. As stated above, the sheaths protect the axons and speed the nerve impulses. Describe the structures and functions of the  peripheral nervous system (PNS). Be sure to include the nerves associated with the PNS, and contrast the functions of the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The peripheral nervous system consists of nerves, which transmit impulses from the brain to other parts of the body; and ganglion, which are masses of nerve cell bodies that connect structures. There are two main groups of nerves: the afferent nerves and the efferent nerves. The afferent nerves send information from the body to the brain. The efferent nerves send information from the brain to the muscles. The system is then broken into the somatic and autonomic nervous systems. The somatic nervous system regulates the voluntary controlled parts of the skeletal muscles, while the autonomic nervous system regulates involuntary controlled parts like smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, the glands, and secretions. The autonomic nervous system is also broken into two parts: the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. The sympathetic division responds when the body is in danger, increases heart rate, blood pressure, etc. The parasympathetic division is when the body is relaxed and resting. It is responsible for things like constriction of pupil, slowing of heart, and digestive systems. Name the two primary components of the  central nervous system (CNS).   Describe the protective membranes associated with the CNS. Differentiate between afferent and efferent nerve structure and function. The central nervous system consists of the brain and the spinal cord. The brain is protected by the skull and the spinal cord is, obviously, protected by the vertebrae. They are also surrounded by meninges and by cerebrospinal fluid. The meninges are three protective layers of tissue. The outermost layer is the dura mater, the middle is the arachnoid membrane, and then the pia mater is the innermost layer. The cerebrospinal fluid flows all around the brain and spinal cord. It provides nutrients to the central nervous system. The spinal cord consists of afferent and efferent nerves. The afferent nerves send information from the body to the brain. The efferent nerves send information from the brain to the muscles. Name and give a brief description of the structures of the brain. Include the functions of these structures. The four major divisions of the brain are the cerebrum, the cerebellum, the diencephalon, and the brain stem. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain. It is the whole top portion of the brain; it controls the memory, sensations, and voluntary movements. The cerebellum is attached to the brain stem and its main function is to coordinate body movements and balance. The diencephalon is in between the cerebrum and the midbrain. It consists of the thalamus, which is in charge of the sensory stimuli; the hypothalamus, which is in charge of sensory functions (i.e.: sleep, appetite, etc.); and the pineal body, which is in charge of regulating the bodys biological clock. The brain stem is between the spinal cord and the diencephalon and consists of the medulla oblongata, the pons, and the upper part of the midbrain. The brain stem is the path for impulses between the brain and the body. Choose 10 pathological conditions affecting the nervous system; describe each including diagnosis and treatment, if applicable. Alzheimers disease is a progressively fatal disease. It destroys brain cells and causes memory loss. Gradually over time the person will no longer be able to write or perform tasks, and then it gets to the point that the person cannot even control bodily functions such as bowel and bladder movements. There is not really a diagnostic test yet that has identified Alzheimers. There is no cure for AD, but the use of tacrine hydrochloride is used in mild cases to improve memory. Bells palsy is generally a temporary paralysis of the muscles on one side of the face following trauma. Diagnosis is simply the inability to close eye or drooling because of no control of facial muscle on one side of the face after a trauma has occurred. There is really no treatment needed, however, facial massage, heat, prednisone for swelling, or analgesia for pain all help. Anencephaly is when there is no brain or spinal cord at birth. The only diagnosis is through an amniocentesis during pregnancy, and there is nothing they can do. Carpal tunnel syndrome is pressure on the median nerve caused by swelling of the tendons. Doctors diagnose carpal tunnel based on the symptoms of tingling in the fingers or palms of hands, pain in the wrists, or weakness in hands. Treatment uses splints, anti-inflammatory drugs, and sometimes surgery. Cerebral contusion occurs when the brain hits the inner skull and causes a bruise of the brain, happens most often in car accidents. If doctors suspect a cerebral contusion they can have an MRI or CT scan run. Treatment consists of close observation, if there is a lot of intracranial pressure then surgery may be needed. Huntingtons chorea is an inherited, degenerative disorder. The characteristics are spontaneous involuntary motor movements, speech problems, and restlessness. Since the disease is inherited, genetic testing could be done to diagnose the disease even before it begins. There is unfortunately no cure for this disease. There are many support groups for families affected by the disease. Narcolepsy is a sleeping disorder where the person can fall asleep randomly for minutes or even hours at a time. A polysomnogram can be performed to evaluate the persons sleep patterns. There is no cure, but medications are used to control the symptoms. Shingles (herpes zoster) is a viral infection that causes a rash on the body; occurs mostly in adults over 50. Flu-like symptoms, GI disturbances, tiredness, and rash are all symptoms that help to diagnose the disease. Treatments are used to help ease pain and get you better faster (analgesics or antiviral medications). Paraplegia is caused when there is severe injury to the spinal cord, results in paralysis of the lower half of the body. There is no treatment for paraplegia. However I did see online that there are many support groups for anyone who knows or falls victim to paraplegia. Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. MS destructs the myelin surrounding nerves of the CNS. There are many symptoms that indicate someone could have MS: Unsteady balance, numbness of multiple extremities, facial numbness, and even impotence in males. When a doctor suspects MS an MRI may be performed, complete blood count, and spinal fluid evaluation. As with many of the diseases of the nervous system, there is no cure for MS. There are some medications that have helped prolong remissions, and as always there are support systems to help the family and persons affected by the disease.

Trouble with Women in Hills Like White Elephants :: Hills Like White Elephants Essays

Trouble with Women in Hills Like White Elephants The short story, "Hills Like White Elephants," by Ernest Hemingway, has a lot to do with how the author lived. The time period the story mostly relates to is when he was married to Hadley and having an affair with Pauline. The story shows problems within a relationship and a lack of communication between a couple. While Hemingway was writing this story, he wrote a letter to F. Scott Fitzgerald about Pauline. He wrote about sitting in the shade and talking with her while waiting at a station. In the story, "The American and the girl with him sat at a table in the shade, outside the building" (Hemingway 731). The girl comments on the hills in the background, how they like white elephants. Her boyfriend just ignores her and every time she talks about the hills, he changes the subject. According to James Mellow, "Another oddity is that in the earliest manuscript fragment relating to the story, written in 1925, is that Hemingway who remarks to Hadley, ‘look at those god-damn white mountains,’ and she answers, ‘They are the most mysterious things I have ever seen’" (348). This shows how Hemingway came up with the idea of the white elephants. Another part of the story that relates to his life is the setting. While Hemingway was in Spain, the setting of the story, he found out that Hadley was pregnant for the second time. The story might have shown his true feelings about the pregnancy. In the story, the boyfriend is moody and wants the girl to do what he wants. This could be the same way Hemingway felt towards Hadley towards the end of their marriage. Also, on the manuscript of the story, he wrote a note about Pauline. This shows that he cared about her while writing the story. Another relationship between the two is the way Hemingway dealt with women. He was married four times, and one can assume that he had his share of trouble in finding the right woman. The man in the story has trouble communicating with his girlfriend, which creates a problem in their relationship. Basically, he wants her to do what he wants and won’t have it any other way. As Mellow puts it, "It is a classic, understated Hemingway story of failure of communication between the sexes" (348). Trouble with Women in Hills Like White Elephants :: Hills Like White Elephants Essays Trouble with Women in Hills Like White Elephants The short story, "Hills Like White Elephants," by Ernest Hemingway, has a lot to do with how the author lived. The time period the story mostly relates to is when he was married to Hadley and having an affair with Pauline. The story shows problems within a relationship and a lack of communication between a couple. While Hemingway was writing this story, he wrote a letter to F. Scott Fitzgerald about Pauline. He wrote about sitting in the shade and talking with her while waiting at a station. In the story, "The American and the girl with him sat at a table in the shade, outside the building" (Hemingway 731). The girl comments on the hills in the background, how they like white elephants. Her boyfriend just ignores her and every time she talks about the hills, he changes the subject. According to James Mellow, "Another oddity is that in the earliest manuscript fragment relating to the story, written in 1925, is that Hemingway who remarks to Hadley, ‘look at those god-damn white mountains,’ and she answers, ‘They are the most mysterious things I have ever seen’" (348). This shows how Hemingway came up with the idea of the white elephants. Another part of the story that relates to his life is the setting. While Hemingway was in Spain, the setting of the story, he found out that Hadley was pregnant for the second time. The story might have shown his true feelings about the pregnancy. In the story, the boyfriend is moody and wants the girl to do what he wants. This could be the same way Hemingway felt towards Hadley towards the end of their marriage. Also, on the manuscript of the story, he wrote a note about Pauline. This shows that he cared about her while writing the story. Another relationship between the two is the way Hemingway dealt with women. He was married four times, and one can assume that he had his share of trouble in finding the right woman. The man in the story has trouble communicating with his girlfriend, which creates a problem in their relationship. Basically, he wants her to do what he wants and won’t have it any other way. As Mellow puts it, "It is a classic, understated Hemingway story of failure of communication between the sexes" (348).

Diferrence Between Management and Administration

Management Vs Administration Page 1. INTRODUCTION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. 2 †¢ Meaning of Administration†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 2 †¢ Meaning of Management†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦ 2 2. THE MAIN BODY†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 †¢ The differences between administration and management with practical examples†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 4 3. CONCLUSION†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦. 5 4. REFERENCES†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦6According to Haimann, T (1978) â€Å"Managing the Modern Organization’’ Administration means overall determination of policies, setting of major objectives, identification of general purposes and laying down of broad programmes and projects while management is the art getting things done through and with people in formally organized groups (Koontz, H 1961, â€Å"The management theory jungle† Administration is the universal process of organizing people and resources efficiently so as to direct activities toward common goals and objectives.It is a process because it involves a series of steps in organizing people and other resources and thus one step cannot be overlooked while management is a human action including design to facilitate the production of useful outcomes from a system. Another American expert, McFarland (1962) in his book, â€Å"American Foundation for Management Research† he defined administration as refers to the determination of major objectives and policies w hile management to the carrying out of the operations designed to accomplish the aims and effectuate the poicies.Therefore it may appear that both the terms, namely administration and management are connotative of one and the same meaning, but there is actually some kind of differences between the two as follows. Administration is the science of determining the policies and objectives of an organization or a firm, while management is the act of putting into practice the policies and objectives framed by the administration. It can thus be said that administration is a determinative function whereas management is executive function. Feature article about  Production ManagementIt is executive in the sense that it executes the objectives and policies that are already framed by the administration and included in the constitution. A good example can be taken from our Tanzanian ministerial model where by Ministers take roles of formulating broad objective, policies and goals for the ministry (administrator) while the interpretation and the execution of the laid down policies objectives and goals remain in the hands of directors and other responsible personnel (managers)Also administration comprises of top level personnel that have contributed to the capital, that are partners of the company or the organization while management comprises of a group of managers that exhibit their skill in putting into practice the objectives of the organization. It can be simply said that the management is directly under the control of administration or the administration controls the management.For example, financial institution man agers like bank managers exhibits their managerial skills by increasing the capital or profit of the bank so as to fulfill the pre laid down objectives by the board of directors or owner (administrator). Therefore management would survive if the administration is satisfied by the management academic show. Hence management should strictly comprise of talented managers that show their ability in translating into practice what the administration expects of them.Moreover planning is the key factor of an administration while motivation is the key factor of management. Planning of all activities in a specified period of time of an organization is done by the administration then management determine on how the planned interventions in a given time can be accomplished whereby it may involve some motivations in most cases so as to raise morale of performance. It is important to note that administrative handles the most vital aspect of an organization, namely, finance.This is due to the fact that administration organizes resources so as to use them to fulfill their mission. While management does not handle the sensitive issue of finance but does handle the method of operation to carry out the strategy of the administration. Therefore managers must be expert of the relevant field he/she work. For example, bank manager must be an expert of the financial field like accounts, business administration e. tcAdministration also takes vital decisions of an organization whereas management is not authorized to take vital decisions of an organization but can take decisions within a certain framework, by the approval of the administration. For example, bank managers cannot decide to have business agreement or contracts like loans without prior approval by the administration. Also administration is made of administrators who are in most cases found in government, religious, military and educational organizations, while management is made up by managers who are found in special progra ms and business institution only.CONCLUSION In general, administration is concerned with the overall determination of policies and objectives and setting of major goals and laying out the broad programmes, whereas, management denotes execution of the objectives and programmes. REFERENCES †¢ Haimann, T. (1978) Managing the Modern Organization, 2nd Edition, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH). †¢ Saleemi, N,A (2011), Principles and practice of Management Simplified, 2nd Revised Edition, Saleemi Publication LTD. †¢ Koontz, H. (1961) The Management Theory Jungle, in Journal of the academy of Management. †¢ Lecture hand out PUB 113

How To Use Spanish Verbs With Locations

How To Use Spanish Verbs With Locations To say something or someone is somewhere in Spanish, it is most common to use the verb estar. For example, to say that Roberta is at home, you can say simply: Roberta est en casa. However, in some situations it is also possible to use ser, the main other verb for to be, as well as verbs used primarily for location. Estar vs. Ser When Referring to Location Although both are verbs for to be, estar and ser are seldom interchangeable, and that is true especially when they are used for location. Although estar typically is used to describe where a person or thing is located, when speaking of events ser must be used. One key to remember which verb to use is to note that if the verb can be translated as to take place or to be held, ser must be used. Some examples of estar used in reference to persons or things: Tim y Catalina nunca estaban en casa. (Tim and Catalina were never at home.)El restaurante est en Espaà ±a. (The restaurant is in Spain.)Yo salgo a la 1 de clase, para la 1:20 estarà © en la playa. (I am leaving class at 1 so I will be on the beach at 1:20.)Amri y su compaà ±era ya estn en Parà ­s. (Amri and her companion are already in Paris.)El coche est en el taller por una averà ­a. (The car is in the shop to get fixed.)Seattle est en el centro econà ³mico de la regià ³n conocida como Greater Puget Sound. (Seattle is in the regional economic center known as Greater Puget Sound.) Here are some examples of events that require the use of ser: La reunià ³n es en Valencia, Espaà ±a. (The meeting is in Valencia, Spain.)El partido La reunià ³n era en un retaurante selecto de Cartagena. (The meeting was in an exclusive restaurant in Cartagena.) en la capital estadounidense. (The game will be in the American capital.)La recepcià ³n de la boda fue en el restaurante Jjome Terrace. (The wedding reception was in the Jjome Terrace restaurant.) ¿Dà ³nde es el concierto que vemos? (Where is the concert were seeing?)Es posible que el debate fuera en un restaurante selecto de Cartagena. (Its possible the discussion was in an exclusive Cartagena restaurant.) Note how each of the sample sentences could also be translated by the appropriate tense of to occur or a phrase with a similar meaning. Sometimes, the meaning or even translation of the verbs subject can change depending on the whether ser or estar is used: El examen ser en la sala de conferencia. (The test will be in the conference hall. The test here refers to an event.)El examen estar en la mesa. (The test will be on the table. The test here refers to a document.)La obra ser en el teatro. (The play will be in the theater. A play is an event.)La obra estar en el museo. (The work of art will be in the museum. A work of art is something that can be touched.) Other Verbs of Location The two other verbs most often used to specify a location or ubicar and situar, which for this purpose are typically used in the form of estar past participle. In the present tense, translation of is, is located, and is situated are all possible. Nuestro hotel est ubicado en el corazà ³n de Buenos Aires. (Our hotel is in the heart of Buenos Aires.)La morada elegante est situada en la zona cosmopolita de Ciudad Quesada. (The elegant dwelling is in the cosmopolitan zone of Ciudad Quesada.)El pueblo de Maxtunil estaba ubicado cinco leguas al norte de Mà ©rida. (The pueblo of Maxtunil was five leagues north of Mà ©rida.)Nuestro segundo local va a estar situado en la calle Fernndez. (Our second shop is going to be on Fernndez Street.) Key Takeaways The verb estar, usually translated as to be, can be used to state where people and objects are.The verb ser, also typically meaning to be, is used to indicate where events take place.The verbs ubicar and situar can also be used to specify locations.

How to Make Real Snow at Home

How to Make Real Snow at Home If you want to see or play in snow, but Mother Nature wont cooperate, you can take matters into your own hands and make snow yourself. This is the homemade version of real water ice snow, just like the snow that falls from the sky. What You Need You need the same things found in nature: water and cold temperature. You turn the water into snow by dispersing it into particles small enough to freeze in the cold air. WaterPressure nozzle There is a handy snowmaking weather tool that will tell you whether you have the proper conditions for making snow. In some climates, the only way youll be able to make snow is if you chill a room indoors (or you can make fake snow), but much of the world can make real snow at least a few days out of the year. Pressure Nozzle You have several options: Pressure washer (own or rent, use a fine mist nozzle or use a nozzle specially designed for producing snow)Snow cannon (not affordable to buy, but can be rented)Garden hose with a snow attachment (makes less snow per hour than the pressure washer or snow cannon, but still fun) Note: Simply using a mister attached to a garden hose isnt likely to work unless the temperature is very cold. The mist particles may not be small enough or far enough apart to turn water into ice. Fine Mist All you need to do is spray a fine mist of water into the air so it cools down enough to freeze into water ice or snow. Theres a technique to this. Spray at Angle   Youll get much better results if you point your water spray upward at a 45-degree angle rather than straight up. The amount of air you get mixed in with the water makes a difference, so you want to maximize this. Water Cold as Possible You also want the water to be as cold as possible, so water from a cold stream will work better than, say, heated water from your home. Impurities Are Good The water from a stream or river also has the advantage of containing impurities which can act as nucleation sites to provide a surface on which snow crystals can grow. Add a Nucleating Agent Its also possible to add what is called a nucleating agent to your water which will accomplish the same purpose, essentially allowing you to produce snow at slightly warmer temperatures. The nucleating agent typically is a non-toxic polymer. Snow machines for ski resorts can use this effect to make snow even if the temperature is above freezing. If your water supply naturally contains a bit of sand, this can help you make snow at slightly warmer temperatures than if you were using pure water. You need only a few hours of cold to make a lot of snow. The snow will last longer if the temperature stays cold, but it will take a while to melt even if it warms up. Use Boiling Water If the temperature outdoors is extremely cold, its actually easier to make snow using boiling hot water than cold water. This technique works reliably only if the temperature is at least 25 degrees below zero Fahrenheit (below -32  °C). To do this, throw a pan of freshly boiled water into the air. Easy and Spectacular It seems counter-intuitive that boiling water would readily turn to snow. How does it work? Boiling water has a high vapor pressure. The water is very close to making the transition between a liquid and a gas. Throwing the boiling water into the air offers the molecules a lot of surface area exposed to freezing temperatures. The transition is easy and spectacular. Protect Hands and Face While its likely anyone performing this process would be bundled up against the extreme cold, take care to protect your hands and face from the boiling water. Sloshing a pan of boiling water onto skin by accident can cause a burn. The cold weather numbs skin, so theres an increased risk of getting a burn and not noticing it right away. Similarly, at such a cold temperature, there is a significant risk of frostbite to exposed skin.

Looking Backward Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Looking Backward - Essay Example The benefits of the evolution of this industrial system have been manifest. This has made other governments like Europe to emulate the same mode of a single system of control because of the economic underperformance experience in the decentralized industrial control system. The government has considered the efficiency, which streams from the application of scientific forms of production. Additionally, supply of products is linked to the demand of the various products produced. Logistics have been introduced to ensure that the bureaucratic structures put in place are beneficial. Bellamy also analyzes the aspect of equality of labor in the novel, ‘Looking Backward’. In this regard, shared labor has been construed to be the driver of social order and scientific socialism. According to Bellamy, human welfare and equality can be fostered by a society, which is efficiently managed (47). This is because the humanity aspect is indispensable in the search of equality at work. The social order has made people co-exist in every aspect to an extent that it is impossible for any person to alienate himself from the society for any course. Bellamy remarks, â€Å"†¦Our entire social order is so wholly based upon and deduced from [compulsory national service] that if it were conceivable that a man could escape it, he would be left with no possible way to provide for his existence. He would have excluded himself from the world, cut himself off from his kind, in a word, committed suicide†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bellamy, 59). Equality in social labor is mandatory fo r any person to be on equal footing with the rest of the community. Bellamy asserts that synergistic effort helps in the fostering of unity in the industrial setting rather than the fear of retribution (37). Citizenship is correlated with work. Through this work equality is achieved by all the citizens. The women are not

Islam Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Islam - Term Paper Example Muhammad (Khalil Lecture 1). However, the rebirth of the Ottoman Empire has significantly contributed to varied changes including the social, political impacts and also military issues throughout history. One of the significant turning points is the birth of the Ottoman, which took place after 1800s following the death of Mohammed; thereby, contributing to emergence of new military and political powers (Khalil Lecture 2). After the death of Muhammad, Islam quickly spread over three continents including the Arab world, which became dominated by Muslim ideologies and religious practices. Mohammed is the greatest Muslim prophet and he was born in Mecca, which is declared a religious sanctuary and this is where Muslims are supposed to make pilgrims while facing this place (Khalil Lecturer 3). The Islam experienced a golden age after the rebirth of the Ottoman Empire and they preserved the Muslim faith, as well as, blended the cultures of classical Rome, Greece and India (Khalil Lecturer 6). The Ottoman Empire is one of the dominant Muslim states, which led to major development changes in the Muslim world. The empire is often regarded as a typical European multicultural empire whose only aim was viewed as promoting the interests of the Arab world. This empire led to varied changes including the evolution of Islamic law especially the Shariah and other ideas laid the foundation of the society, law and political government. Ottoman rulers saw themselves as the protector of the world; therefore, the emphasis of Islam was laid as a protection of religion under this empire something that contributed to conflicting issues with Christianity in Europe. The most crucial obligation for a Muslim leader, under the Muslim law (Shariah) was to uphold the Islamic law; the judges, who are recognized as qadis became the judges of the empire and they oversaw all the necessary laws of the Ottoman Empire, as well as, presided over criminal cases. Esposito (34) attempts to trace the eme rgence and developmental activities that took place due to this dynamic faith, as well as, is impact on the political and historical world (Esposito 34). Esposito attempts to offer historical perspectives to the Islam mysticism, Muslim laws and political ideologies. The great Muslim philosophers provided ideas that explains the basic interpretations of the Muslim dogmatic, as well as, varied movements including Sufism and Shiism. These movements contributed to varied development in the Muslim community for the past centuries including new movements in the political and economic world. The Islamic was laid a strong foundation during the rebirth of Islam but this has not only contributed to significant development but also contributed to varied consequences. The Muslims have struggled to define and adhere to their Islamic way of life beginning from the colonialism to the modern historical world. However, the political issues and construction of dynasties especially the Ottoman Empire led to varied developments changes in areas of law, politics and theology. Moreover, the death of Sultan Suleyman had an immense impact on the historical course of the Ottoman monarchy. The magnificent rule of Suleyman led to transformation of the Muslim world including the significant economic and political changes. For example, many structural designs were constructed including the mosques, fortresses and the splendid architectures.

The Role of the Registered Nurses in the Emergency Room Essay

The Role of the Registered Nurses in the Emergency Room - Essay Example The changes in RN roles especially in the ER are a result of increased public and political demands to set up higher benchmarks in the medical field (Gardner et al., 2007). Subsequently, emergency departments are focused to undertake initiatives to successfully meet government lay-down key performance standards and benchmarks that determine the performance of the healthcare units. Role of Registered Nurses In different parts of the world today the ER nurses have adapted their responsibility to incorporate tasks that were formerly undertaken by medical staff. For instance, suturing wounds, plastering fractures, and recording of electrocardiograms, X-raying of patients with potential fractures, and cannulation of patients are important tasks that ER nurses undertake (Neades, 1997). In recent years the educational qualification of an Emergency Nurse Practitioner in addition to sound nursing practice based on all aspects of nursing is an essential criterion. However, in general the requi rement is formal post-basic education in holistic assessment, physical diagnosis, prescription of treatment and promotion of health. The Emergency Nurse Practitioner is a key member of the healthcare team directly available to members of the public (Neades, 1997). Hence in several health care set ups it is expected that the nurses must be an independent practitioner who is able to assess, diagnose, treat and discharge patients without reference to a doctor. Since this job comes with high responsibility, there are several guidelines provided by the government as well as the health care set up. Additionally, the nurses must be able to make independent referrals to other healthcare professionals (Neades, 1997). A variety of roles such as identification and management of minor injuries, preliminary scans, pain management, recommendation to other health professionals, and health promotion activities are the role of registered nurses. According to the Royal College of Nursing the role of registered nurses in ER include, several investigative tests (such as X-rays), preceding to the patient being seen by the specialist (Neades, 1997). It is a well known fact that the role of nurses is not restricted to the health care units but is also extended into the society. For instance, the health promotion aspects are also highlighted, signifying how their knowledge and skills can be further utilised to care for vulnerable groups in cases of emergencies. In order to reduce the over-crowding in the emergency rooms to some extend, the Nurse Practitioner may undertake advanced roles such as the assessment and treatment of injuries, as well as developing a health promotion and accident prevention role within the community (Neades, 1997). It is believed that the ER nurses may have a positive role in primary care delivery and reduce the work load of the doctors. Diverse needs and the function of NPs will vary between institutions and around the world.

Filipino Woman in the Biography by Lucy Komisar Essay Example for Free

Filipino Woman in the Biography by Lucy Komisar Essay Literature is any form of expressing human’s simple to complex experiences that blend, combined and applied into words, well-chosen and arranged. It is full of thoughts, feelings, dreams, sorrows, aspirations and grief of human expressions in every harmonious way of expressions. It is a choice, choice of expressing everything without the hesitation from any hindrances. It is just like entering into a voyage, not to find good fortune but to have pleasure and satisfaction. It can be compared to choice of writing. Humans are writing not because of compliance but because they want to express something for the sake of self- satisfaction. They are not reading because they want to learn a lot but because to feel enjoyment while reading. It is not like going abroad for good but because of the experience. Through literature, people confide on to, talk to, rely on and can be the source of every emotion that they have to feel, feelings that distinguishes the level of their personality that evokes their admirations. It is believed that the social and sexual conditions of women essentially embody their nature that the manner they are treated in society is congruent with what they really are. Thus, women’s social environment, can be generally described as subordinate to men, sexually colonized in the system of dominance, submission and denied rights and the basis of sex, historically chattel, basically considered biologically inferior confined to sex and reproduction. For most part of society and across time and space, man dominates the upper level of political, economical and social power while women are rarely or only partially included. The worth of men is generally more valued than that of women and is usually more compensated. Men are typically more valued in themselves as person, a fact often expressed in social customs, rights and laws. In fact, in almost every culture, the tools and conditions necessary for analysis, the means of communications and the forms of legitimating of knowl edge have been jealously and effectively kept from women. Today, Filipino women are no longer confined to the manual task of household chores but their full potentials, talents and innovativeness are explored and utilized. The power of women is such a huge and limitless tool of intellectual resource, a very vital factor behind a nation’s growth and development. Empowering the women at home, in the community, in work, in every aspect of society would mean empowering the other half of every aspects of nation’s human resource. At present, the Filipino women are already leaders in their own rights. They occupy high positions in the society. As they are free, they are also able to participate in social, economic and political activities. They command the respect of men – rights denied to them with the introduction of the Spanish culture in the country. After, nearly four hundred years after the Spaniards conquest of the Philippines, the Filipino woman has come full circle. She is now able to cooperate more effectively with men with the realization of common aspirations—a better world to live in, governed by the principles of justice and good will. Many writers have been supporters of Cory. They have produced books and a journal containing Cory’s life and Lucy Komisar is one of them. Lucy Komisar is a free-lance journalist, whose articles and analysis of foreign affairs have appeared in the wide variety of publications, including the â€Å"New York Times, the Washington Past, the Christian Science Monitor, the San Francisco Chronicle, the Miami Herald, News day and the Toronto Star, among many others. She is the authors of two books; â€Å"Down and Out in the USA: a history of Public Welfare and the New Feminism and has lectured at universities through out the country. She a member of the executive board of PEN, American Center, a past National Vice President of the National Organization for Women (NOW). She reported from the Philippines during the election campaign and peaceful revolution only in 1986 and returned recently to write the biography of Cory Aquino. The book â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution†, is the first biography essay of Corazon Aquino by Lucy Komisar. The book traces her life from the childhood in the wealthy family in the Philippines, her marriage to Benigno and her life in exile, a dramatic revolution that install her as President. It also describes the evolution of her life as political leader as she began putting a government together and taking on political and economic problems that face her country. A timely and evocative book, Corazon Aquino is moving portrait of a woman who demonstrates a new kind of heroism. Indeed, there is no doubt that Komisar is one of the writers and journalists who believes in the proper rights of women exercised in the society. The researchers believed that the writer, though an American journalist and writer has a big concern in the status of women in the society. Thus, the thorough analysis of Lucy Komisar’s biography â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution† vividly reflect the personalities of the former president Corazon Aquino and the women’s rights that rarely Filipino women exercised. Theoretical Framework The study is anchored on the general view of women’s right as well as human’s right. According to Legazpi (1998), the 1987 Constitution declares that â€Å"the state shall value the dignity of every person and guarantee full respect for human rights.† Enshrined therein, as a state policy is the recognition of the role of women in nation building and fundamental equality before the law of men and women. Within this framework, guaranteed respect of their personal dignity and human rights and equal treatment in all aspects of life is presented. The Constitutional Acknowledgment of Women’ rights are reiterated in numerous statutory enactments and relating to such subjects as civil relations, family rights and labor conditions. Various internal instruments to which the Philippines are the signatory signify and reinforce the state’s commitments towards upholding these rights. With particular focus on the character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino woman, the researchers gave much attention on how the former president exercised her rights on every character and how she gained recognition from these characters. Meanwhile, through the application of formalistic approach of literary analysis, the writer’s point of view in his essays such as styles, purpose and theme were studied. Statement of the Problem The study discusses the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography by Lucy Komisar. Specifically, this study answers the following questions: 1. What are the events that project the character of the First Female President? 2. How does Corazon Aquino show the character as a Filipino Woman in the following personalities: 2.1Wife and Mother, 2.2 Widow, 2.3 Leader? 3. How do the author reveal the character of Corazon Aquino in relation to: 3.1Style, 3.2Purpose, 3.3Theme? 4. What implications of the essays are portrayed to uphold women’s right? Scope and Limitations The study focuses on the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography by Lucy Komisar. In the study, the researchers gathered the events that project the character of the First Female President. It also analyzes how the late president shows her character as a leader, wife, and widow that makes her a strong and powerful president. The style, purpose and theme are also analyzed The study is significantly devoted to the evaluation, analysis and interpretation of the biography written by Lucy Komisar, â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution†. Significance of the Study The study on the Character of Corazon Aquino as a Filipino Woman in the biography written by Lucy Komisar, â€Å"Corazon Aquino: the Story of Revolution† is important in providing greater understanding and insights about the social issues in the society. Nevertheless, for those who specialize in English, the study could serve as a literary drill so that they may engage into critical analysis and interpretation and in the process that understand their value and significance. With the dynamism of education, the teaching approaches, instructional materials, references should conform to the changing times of our societal history. In this regard, the study can be used as a reference and instructional materials or tool in teaching the life of Corazon Aquino. For the teachers of literature, the study can help them generate insights on how students will be directed and/ or guided in dealing with and analyzing literary works. Likewise, the study may also enlighten the Filipino women especially of the contemporary times with regards to their rights and their roles as individuals, and as members of the society. For future researchers, the study may help them bring about the techniques, treatment and approaches in analyzing literary works. The study may also be used as a reference in sociology. It may help the readers understand the nature of the Filipino woman and her complexities. Most of all, the study may serve as a significant indication on the life of Corazon Aquino and the Filipino woman that can set a great pattern for the rights of women. Definition of Terms For the purpose of clear and consistency of terms used in the study, the following terms are hereby defined: Character – combination of qualities that distinguishes as individual person. In the research, it refers to the personality of Corazon Aquino as a wife, widow and leader. Civil Law – refers to the body of customs or practices applicable to specific group of community. It is the kind of law that the Corazon government exercise during her term. Concepts – it is the general idea toward a thing of universal specially, an abstract one. These are the ideas about the character of Corazon Aquino as Filipino Woman. Criticism – it is an intelligent appreciation of any work of art. It is the process of studying the literary piece in the present study. Descriptive Research – type of research that requires a detailed analysis of various aspects and phenomena and their interrelationship. It is the kind of research that researchers used in the present study . Historical Research – the systematic collection and evaluation of data to describe explain and thereby understand actions or event that occurred in the past. It is the basis of the researchers to present study, to collect data and references about the life of Cory Aquino. Liberalism – a doctrine of constitutional promulgation that presents liberty and freedom leaned on the consumption that liberty is natural right and that all over are born free. It is the vision of Corazon Aquino to the Filipino women during her presidency. Maidens of Antiquity – they are women who are perceived to play the traditional child hearing and house keeping. It is the kind of Filipino women that Corazon Aquino wants for a change. Silent Dictatorship – this relates to the characteristics of unobtrusive women over the household, personally take care of everything and have the power over all action and decision of a household. It is the relationship of husband and wife. The wife took all the responsibility and household chores while the husband holds the power. Social Liberation – refers to the ideology that women are capable of fuller and more positive involvement in the growth of the society in which they are apart of advocates, the woman should be viewed as valuable human resources of every fact of natural and international life. It is the organizations that builds women as part of the society and play a crucial role. Women are the center of society and highly regarded. Style – the manner of writing or composing piece with passion or elegance. It is the manner on how the author writes the essay in formal form. Personality – excellence or distinction of social and personal traits. It refers to the characteristics of Aquino as a Filipino woman and all women in the society. Purpose – the aim of an essay which is intended to deliver to the reader him/herself. It refers to the goal of the author on how to show the character of Corazon Aquino in the essays. Presidency – the office, dignity, terms, jurisdiction or residence of a President. It is the position Corazon Aquino holds after the EDSA revolution of 1986 over Marcos’ government. Theme – an idea or motive in a work which may be varied or developed. It is the basis of the topic or concept in the present study. CHAPTER II REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES This chapter presents the review of related literature and study of the research. Related Literature Foreign Literature During the time of Roman republic, women are underestimated by men. In the women’s lifetime, they have to obey their husbands as well as their father. Women are to take care of their guardian. Roman women are typically married off by the age of eighteen. After marriage, women cannot claim rights in her husband’s property and can not appeal in court. But the law has changed, wherein woman becomes powerful in terms of rights and can inherit the property whenever their husband dies. Some women in the elite class become powerful because of their richness, power through marriage and their adulterous. (Russel, 1996) Before, women were not allowed to vote, to be part of the public and political life and even going out without covering everything except their eyes. In other countries, they were not allowed to drink alcohol and if they were caught, they would be punished severely or punished to death. Women have played different role in different society and in different times. In matriarchal society, women are more powerful than men. In paternal society, men are everything to women. Women and men have the same right. Men occupy the position as the group leader more often than women, but old women assume such roles. Women are now working industriously and earn money to support their family. They work hard as men, but they do not get some respect and salary as men. Women have been tired and worked hard to gain some rights as men. (www.women @society.htm, 2008) It has been clear over the last half of the century that women have made the great strides and effort to achieve equality in all areas of society. It might be able to shed some lights as to where our society is going in regard to women in elected office. One will surely think that men are the ones against women in politics; in fact, in the beginning, men are the ones who vote before a woman president, before the women can. The same instance holds for the amount of people who believe that women are not suited for politics. The religious and non- religious sects are expecting more liberal views about women in politics as time passes. But people have believed that women have the right to be representatives in politics. The trends that people see bring up the problem in our society. Yes, it is true that men and women, the religious and non religious, all feed that women have place in the politics but still lack in equality as to the number of offices that women hold. In order for a change to be made, women must have the courage and belief that they are just as qualified to be in politics and must be extremely aggressive in their action. ([emailprotected]\html, 2008) Frummer (1981), states that critical essay helps reader understand a subject. To be critical means to be keen in every detail of the research a person is studying. Its Greek root means â€Å"to separate, discern or choose†; thus the critical essay attempts to enhance the reader’s understanding of subjects by analyzing different p arts and interpreting its meaning. It may deal with any subject worthy of serious study like a painting, a film, a social movement. In most writing classes, however, the critical essay assignment focuses in literature although similar procedures are followed in writing other essays. The success of the critical essays depends on another process- the informed reading of another imaginative literature. According to Harmon (1992), the essay is divided into two: the formal essay and the non formal essay. Formal essay is diversified in form, spirit and length. At one extreme, it is represented by brief, serious magazine article and at the other by the scientific and philosophical treatises like books rather than essays. The technique of the formal essay is now practically identical with that of all factual or theoretical prose in which literary effect is secondary. The informal essay, on the other hand, has its beginning in aphoustic and moralistic writing, animated by the infection of the personal, broadened and lightened by a free treatment of human manners, controlled somewhat by the limitations of periodical publications has developed into a recognizable genre, the first purpose which is to entertain. Stanford (1999) suggests that when responding to an essay one should consider its central purpose. An essay may make significant comparisons or contrasts; it may explain the reasons of an occurrence or explore the effects of a particular event or action. Some essays contemplate or speculate on an idea, exploring many possibilities without insisting on one final conclusion; many other essays, in one way or another argue for or against a point of view, a solution to a problem or a new way of thinking about the word. Whatever the essay’s purpose, a reader should look carefully at the writer’s choice of words as well as the way he or she structures both the essay itself and its sentences and paragraph. Local Literature The highly personalized word of action in an impediment to the development of a wider, institutional sphere is based on abstraction such as â€Å"the rule of the law† and â€Å"the common good†. It may be assumed that this has much to do with the central position of the mother in the Filipino household and all the burdens that it entails. This position becomes the ideological pivot that places women apart from men. The purity of women symbolizes the wholeness of the home. As a superego representative, the term â€Å"Mother† remains the primary embodiment of conscience. In extending and symbolizing warmth and goodness, the female as a wife and mother should love, that is forgiving: she should be gentle and compassionate with those who morally depend on her. (Mulder, 1997) According to the Asian Development Bank (2002), the major constraints affecting the sociological status of Filipino women are very often quite separate from the substantive nature of law itself. Even in countries where women’s right are fully guaranteed in law, the actual implementation and protection of those rights are often compromised by a complex system of practices based on historical, cultural, linguistic, religious, political and other traditions. In many cases, the factor giving rise to the discrimination is many deep-rooted and relate to non legal or paralegal issues. During the period of revolution, the aim of Katipunan was to work for the independence of the Philippines. Besides the pursuit of this aim, there was valuable reaching which the manners were strictly required to follow. Respect for womanhood was the moral qualification of an applicant before she could be accepted as a member. The observer of the article referring to woman was strictly demanded during the early days of the association. There were not a few in who was expelled because of failure to live up to teachings of the organizations. (Kintanar, 1996) Among all the domains in which the Fili pino woman participates, it is perhaps in the home where she enjoys the highest status. When women themselves strongly believe that their place is at home, they become household centered. The wife’s work is to be a loving and loyal mate to her husband. She is responsible for keeping the marriage intact by means of her patience, hard work, submissiveness, and virtue. A mother must attend to her children’s needs such as meals, health, clothing, school needs and moral and religious development. She remains a good household manager and puts her own welfare before that of her husband and children. The recent upsurge of interest in advancing the development of women and increasing their participation in community affairs has also resulted in a realization that they can and should become effective partners of men in development endeavors. Women are therefore urge to refrain from confining themselves to the home and household work their social, economic, political and religious endeavors altered to. (Torres, 1995) Cory Aquino has already earned a unique place in t he history. In the world dominated by men in action, she is a rarity by virtue of her sex; in a political world, where man assumed power through the traditional electoral process or violence, she became the nation’s President through circumstances without any known precedent. As a family member, she is a very clear about her likes and dislikes. She has never been neutral. She tries to do it in a nice way but she makes it very clear that, for example, â€Å"I’m sorry, I can’t support you†. As a mother, she has always cooled under pressure. When her husband was arrested, she was upset that she was in perfect control. Her siblings could always look up to her as a source of strength. (Crisostomo, 1986) As a housewife, she never missed a chance with her husband. She stood by the side of her husband and never questioned all his decisions. She never chided him for the troubles he brought into her family. When Ninoy was challenged by Imelda in his prison cell, Cory took his p lace in the campaign. She, who did not have the experience in the political stage, nor entertained much, hope that she would make it. For seven and a half years, she stood outside the gate of his maximum security prison. As the color of her life changed, she followed a few days later, no longer as a housewife but as a widow to lay his body in the grave. The military soldiers took away her husband’s life by shooting him at the back of his head. Before, she was declared as a President, there were lots of consequences she encountered. The chanting done in the computer during the election offered to her just to reject the position and more. Despite of this consequences and offer, she was not dictated by them; instead, she made some moves to fight for what she deserved. (Tica, 2007) As a president, she forced three major tasks: rebuilding democracy, reserving the economy and ending the communists’ insurgency—the longest running of its kinds in the world. Her camp and her military advisers suggested that the inauguration be held inside Camp Crame where they would ensure security. But the civilian activists wanted it before the huge crowd of EDSA to dramatize the fact that she was being installed not by military but by People’s Power. For almost 13 years of Marcos service in the government, the communist turned into a formidable force enjoying the distant admiration of the nation. Everybody wanted Marcos government to lose, but nobody wanted communists to win. Cory Aquino was fortunate. Almost everybody wanted her and they did everything just to place Cory in the position. It made the Filipino people admire the power and bravery of Corazon Aquino. She was the first Filipino woman president who proved to the nation that women could also place in the politics of a society. (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2003) The essay is the communication from the individual author, as person to the reader. Like fiction, the essay is read rather than heard or seen and for these reasons, the author will typically identify himself as one addressing the audience. Since the essay is read from the printed page, its content is not objectively present. This is also true of fiction. However, the typical essay is thought off by the reader as a communication from the author to itself. (Tan, 1995) According to Ramos (1991), an essay may be of any length, breadth, death, density, color, savor, odor, appearance, volume or uselessness. It is broadened on one side by the hell fire sermon and or the other by geometrical demonstration; and it ranges easily between these extremes of heat and occasionally steals from both of them. The main division into which the essay may be divided, is the personal/ familiar essay a transcript of a personal reaction to some phase or fact of life; the author does not regard life with the cold eyes of the scientific thinker. The second is formal essay a serious and personal. It undertakes to discuss a subject critically and coldly; and though it also reveals the author’s tastes and views, the intimacy between writers and readers hardly exists, for the personality of the former is suppressed. (Roseburg, 1969)